Energy mass balanceCostingAmmonia

Nitrogen supply for ammonia: PSA or cryogenic ASU

Ammonia-grade nitrogen from air, by a PSA generator at 99.999 % (BERG air factors and list prices) or by a cryogenic air separation unit (Oxford/Cesaro, Jain 2022): specific energy in kWh/t N2, power, ex-works CAPEX with a sourced scaling law per technology, and the cost of nitrogen per tonne of N2 and per tonne of NH3, with the size at which a PSA has to give way to cryogenics.

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CurrencyEUR 2026
Battery limitex-factory
67 documented assumptions
Updated2 Nov 2026

Mass and energy balance

What the asset draws and delivers for the case and load you choose.

Reference case

Operating hours92.3 %

Hours a year the unit runs at its rated flow. Default 8,088 h, the DLR green ammonia reference case (Sousa et al. 2022). Project mode sets it from the ammonia loop it feeds.

Flows

Annual quantities at the current usage. Band width: share of energy in; non-energy flows are not to scale.

Nitrogen flow

Rated nitrogen output in normal m3 per hour (0 C, 1 atm). 5 to 85,000 Nm3/h: from the BERG NITROBERG 900 (7.4 Nm3/h at 99.999 %) and NITROBERG 4000 (191.7 Nm3/h) to a 3,000 t/d ammonia plant (0.8224 t N2 per t NH3, about 82,000 Nm3/h). Default 1,000 Nm3/h, about 30 t/d of N2 or 36 t/d of NH3.

Nitrogen output: — t/d
Electric power: — MW
PSA modules needed: — units
Nitrogen unit CAPEX: — EUR

CAPEX

Specific cost at this size, what backs it, and how it behaves with scale.

Specific CAPEX at this size

—

Reference size 191.7 Nm3/h

Two-point fit on catalogue prices

CAPEX basis

Model value: the scaling law of the selected case. Customized: your own ex-works EUR per Nm3/h, used as is at every size; it is then no longer sourced by this calculator.

Specific CAPEX by nitrogen flow

Ex-factory· this figure
Installed
Fully financed

CAPEX at the battery limit—

Installation, civil works, engineeringproject level

Working capital, contingencyproject level

Included

Equipment as delivered by the manufacturer

Not included

Installation, piping and electrical works
Civil works, buildings and land
Engineering and construction
Contingency

Added at project level

Every installation and indirect cost layer, from the project settings
Contingency, from the project settings

Project figures

Values passed to project mode when this asset is added to a project.

Nitrogen supply for ammonia synthesis (PSA or cryogenic ASU)Concept sketch, not to scale · drag to rotate

Electricity in: —
Ammonia-grade gaseous nitrogen outMain product: —
CAPEX to the battery limit: —
Fixed O&M: —
Variable O&M, excluding feedstocks: 0 EUR/year
Asset lifetime: 25 years

Cost of nitrogen

A standalone indicator for a quick read. Project mode recomputes it for the whole system.

—

Capital component—
O&M component—
Electricity component—

Linked to the balance above

Operating hours92.3 %

Hours a year the unit runs at its rated flow. Default 8,088 h, the DLR green ammonia reference case (Sousa et al. 2022). Project mode sets it from the ammonia loop it feeds.

Air compressor specific power

Electric power of the PSA feed-air compressor per m3/min of air at inlet conditions (ISO 1217). Default 7.20, measured at full speed on a 7 bar g machine (BCAS PVP sheet); 9.71 is the same machine at minimum speed. 5.7 is the BERG BSDF160 nameplate ((160 + 11) kW / 30 m3/min, derived). Used by the PSA case and the PSA route only.

Electricity price

Price of the electricity the unit draws. For orientation, IRENA 2023 global averages: onshore wind USD 33/MWh, utility PV USD 44/MWh. In project mode the electricity is an inlet priced by the project.

Discount rate

Rate of the capital recovery factor. Default 7.5 % (Cesaro 2021, after IRENA).

Economic lifetime

Years over which the CAPEX is annualised. Default 25 years (Cesaro 2021).

Cost of nitrogen by operating hours

Benchmarks

This model's figures against published references and reference cases.

Specific energy of nitrogen, kWh/t

310 F1000Research 2024

630 F1000Research 2024

PSA energy at 99 %, kWh/Nm3

0.31 RSC 2024 (extract)

Reference cases at this size and usage

All results

Every model output at the current settings, grouped, with the sensitivity charts.

61 outputs · 7 groups · 14 also shown above, dimmed

Cost of nitrogen

Cost of nitrogen: ComputingEUR/t
Capital component: ComputingEUR/t
O&M component: ComputingEUR/t
Electricity component: ComputingEUR/t
Nitrogen cost per tonne of ammonia: ComputingEUR/t
Cost of nitrogen per 1,000 Nm3: ComputingEUR/1000 Nm3
Electricity share of the cost: Computing%

Flows

Nitrogen output: Computingt/d
Nitrogen per year: Computingt/year
Nitrogen output per hour: Computingt/h
Nitrogen mass flow: Computingkg/h
Ammonia this nitrogen can make: Computingt/d
Ammonia equivalent per year: Computingt/year
Full-load hours: Computingh/year
Operating time share: Computing%

Energy

Specific energy of nitrogen: ComputingkWh/t
Specific energy per Nm3: ComputingkWh/Nm3
Electric power: ComputingMW
Electricity per year: ComputingMWh/year
Nitrogen energy per tonne of ammonia: ComputingkWh/t
Nitrogen energy per tonne of ammonia (GJ): ComputingGJ/t
Purity load penalty: Computingratio
Cryogenic specific energy used: ComputingkWh/t
Minimum work of separation: ComputingkWh/t
Second-law efficiency: Computing%
Heat and losses: ComputingMWh/year

PSA detail

PSA feed air: ComputingNm3/h
PSA feed air at compressor inlet: Computingm3/min
PSA compressor power: ComputingkW
PSA specific energy per Nm3: ComputingkWh/Nm3
PSA specific energy: ComputingkWh/t
PSA energy at 99.99 %: ComputingkWh/t
PSA energy at 97 %: ComputingkWh/t
PSA energy at 99 %: ComputingkWh/Nm3
PSA model against published energy at 99 %: Computingratio
Reference compressor nameplate specific power: ComputingkW/(m3/min)

PSA or cryogenic

Cost of nitrogen, PSA route: ComputingEUR/t
Cost of nitrogen, cryogenic route: ComputingEUR/t
PSA cost over cryogenic cost: Computingratio
PSA modules needed: Computingunits
Flow per PSA module: ComputingNm3/h
Largest documented PSA output: ComputingNm3/h
PSA beyond its documented range: Computingflag
Above the PSA purity limit: Computingflag

CAPEX

Nitrogen unit CAPEX: ComputingEUR
Specific CAPEX: ComputingEUR/(Nm3/h)
CAPEX per t/d of N2: ComputingEUR/(t/d)
PSA reference specific CAPEX: ComputingEUR/(Nm3/h)
PSA exponent implied by BERG prices: Computingratio
PSA route CAPEX: ComputingEUR
PSA CAPEX with a 0.6 exponent: ComputingEUR
PSA CAPEX, DLR scaling: ComputingEUR
Cryogenic route CAPEX (USD 2018): ComputingUSD
Cryogenic route CAPEX: ComputingEUR
Cryogenic CAPEX, linear cross-check: ComputingUSD
Cryogenic scaling law over linear cross-check: Computingratio

Annual costs

Capital recovery factor: Computing1/year
Annualised CAPEX: ComputingEUR/year
O&M cost: ComputingEUR/year
Electricity cost: ComputingEUR/year
Total annual cost: ComputingEUR/year

Sensitivities

5 charts

Cost of nitrogen components vs operating hours

PSA against cryogenic: cost of nitrogen vs flow

CAPEX and specific CAPEX vs nitrogen flow

Cost of nitrogen vs electricity price

PSA specific energy and cost vs compressor specific power

Sources

67 documented assumptions · 13 sources

About

Calculator context

Costs the nitrogen an ammonia synthesis loop needs, made from ambient air, up to the outlet of the separation unit, as a gas. The size input is the rated flow in Nm3/h (0 C, 1 atm), from 5 Nm3/h (a small BERG NITROBERG 900) to 85,000 Nm3/h (a 3,000 t/d ammonia plant at 0.8224 t N2 per t NH3). The output is also given in t/d of N2, the unit used to chain with the ammonia synthesis calculators.

Three reference cases. (1) Pressure swing adsorption at 99.999 % N2, i.e. 10 ppm residual O2, ammonia grade without a deoxo bed. The energy is that of the feed-air compressor: the BERG datasheet gives 6.4 Nm3 of compressed air per Nm3 of N2 at that purity (2.6 at 99 %), converted to inlet conditions (1.073 m3 at 20 C per Nm3) and multiplied by the compressor specific power (7.20 kW per m3/min by default, a BCAS-verified measurement at 7 bar g). At the defaults this gives 659 kWh/t, which is 2.3 to 6 times the 110-290 kWh/t that Oxford 2015 prints for PSA (0.11 and 0.29 kWh/kg N2, purity not stated): that range is reached at 99 %, not at ammonia grade. As a check, the same model at 99 % gives 0.335 kWh/Nm3 (268 kWh/t, inside the Oxford range) against about 0.31 published at 1 % O2 (RSC 2024; figure read in an extract, not re-verified), and the 99.999 % energy sits just above the 310-630 kWh/t range F1000Research 2024 gives for PSA at unstated purity. (2) A cryogenic ASU at 119 kWh/t N2 (Cesaro 2021 and Oxford 2015, both after Nayak-Luke 2018). (3) The same ASU at 421 kWh/t (Jain 2022 after Aneke and Wang 2015, 99.99 mol%). Neither cryogenic source says whether compression of the product nitrogen is included: the factor of 3.5 between them is published as such. Liquid nitrogen (about 2.56 kWh/kg) is out of scope.

CAPEX is ex-works equipment. PSA: the NITROBERG 4000 (191.7 Nm3/h at 99.999 %, EUR 296,500 net) plus the KOMPBERG BSDF160 compressor that feeds it (EUR 97,440; its 160 kW motor matches the 158 kW the model computes at that flow), scaled with an exponent of 0.79 derived from the two BERG prices at the same purity (NITROBERG 900 and 4000; evidence medium, the six-tenths rule of DLR 2022 is shown as a variant). Above 191.7 Nm3/h, modules are added in parallel and the CAPEX grows linearly. Cryogenic: 1,193,000 US$2018 x (t/d)^0.49 (Jain 2022 after Morgan 2013), converted at the 2018 ECB rate (1.181 USD/EUR) and not escalated to 2026, so it is biased low. The cryogenic cases are refused below 7.5 t/d (about 250 Nm3/h), the bottom of the cryogenic range in Oxford 2015 (7.5-63,000 t/d). The linear 1,450 USD per kg N2/h of Ikäheimo 2018 (via Cesaro 2021) is shown as a cross-check; the two agree within about 35 % near 200 t/d and diverge on both sides of it (about 7 times higher for the 0.49 law at 7.5 t/d, about a third at 2,550 t/d).

The cost of nitrogen is the CAPEX annualised with a capital recovery factor (7.5 %, 25 years by default, Cesaro 2021), O&M at 5 % of CAPEX a year (Jain 2022) and electricity, over the nitrogen made in a year. At the defaults (PSA, 1,000 Nm3/h, 8,088 h, 50 EUR/MWh) the calculator gives 2,116,267 EUR of CAPEX for 6 modules, 62.2 EUR/t N2 and 51.1 EUR per tonne of NH3.

Where the PSA stops. Oxford 2015 documents PSA up to 89.94 t/d (about 3,000 Nm3/h) and quotes a purity limit after 2,000-5,000 Nm3/h. The calculator shows how many 191.7 Nm3/h modules a flow needs (444 at 85,000 Nm3/h) and flags flows past both limits. It also prices the same flow by both routes: at the defaults with 40 EUR/MWh electricity, the PSA and cryogenic costs cross between 2,000 and 2,500 Nm3/h, inside the published purity limit. That agreement is a convergence, not a calibration.

Double count. Calculator #232 (ammonia synthesis island) already includes the ASU, as 30 % of its CAPEX (asu_fraction 0.3) and through a nitrogen price (n2_price_eur_per_t). Chained with #232, remove its ASU share or do not use its nitrogen price on top of this calculator. Calculator #482 counts a flat PSA energy in GJ/t NH3: this calculator gives the same quantity (1.95 GJ/t NH3 at the defaults); keep one of the two, not both.

Model

126 variables — inputs, calculations and outputs, with their dependencies.

126 variables shown of 126

Value	Unit	Depends on
1	—	—
1000	Nm3/h	—
8088	h/year	—
7.2	kW/(m3/min)	—
50	EUR/MWh	—
7.5	%	—
25	years	—
0	—	—
2116	EUR/(Nm3/h)	—

Variable	Formula	Unit	Depends on
	`if((<=)+(<=)+(>)+(<)+(<)+(>)+(<)+(<=)+(<=)+(<)+(>)+(>=)(**<)>,,)`	—
	`+`	EUR
	`*`	ratio

Variable	Formula	Unit	Depends on
	`*`	kg/h
	`*`	t/h
	`*`	t/d
	`min(,)`	h/year
	`/*`	%
	`*`	t/year
	`/`	t/d
	`/`	t/year
	`*`	Nm3/h
	`*/`	m3/min
	`*`	kW
	`**/`	kWh/Nm3
	`/*`	kWh/t
	`*//`	kWh/t
	`*//`	kWh/t
	`**/`	kWh/Nm3
	`/`	ratio
	`if(==,/,)`	ratio
	`(+)/`	kW/(m3/min)
	`if(==,,)`	kWh/t
	`if(==,,)`	kWh/t
	`**`	kWh/Nm3
	`*`	kWh/t
	`*`	GJ/t
	`**`	MW
	`*`	MWh/year
	`**ln(/)//`	kWh/t
	`/max(,)*`	%
	`(-)`	MWh/year
	`ceil(/)`	units
	`/max(,)`	Nm3/h
	`///`	Nm3/h
	`if(>,,)`	flag
	`if(>,,)`	flag
	`/`	EUR/(Nm3/h)
	`ln(/)/ln(/)`	ratio
	`**(/)^`	EUR
	`*^`	USD
	`/`	EUR
	`if(>=,,clamp(if(==,*(/)^(-),/max(,)),,))`	EUR/(Nm3/h)
	`*`	EUR
	`/max(,)`	EUR/(t/d)
	`**(/)^`	EUR
	`*(/)^`	EUR
	`*`	USD
	`/max(,)`	ratio
	`if(<,/,(*(+)^)/max((+)^-,))`	1/year
	`*`	EUR/year
	`**`	EUR/year
	`*`	EUR/year
	`++`	EUR/year
	`/max(,)`	EUR/t
	`/max(,)`	EUR/t
	`/max(,)`	EUR/t
	`++`	EUR/t
	`*`	EUR/t
	`/max(,)*`	%
	`*`	EUR/1000 Nm3
	`(+)/max(,)+**`	EUR/t
	`(+)/max(,)+**`	EUR/t
	`/max(,)`	ratio

Assumptions

67 assumptions used in the calculations

Protects divisions against a zero denominator.
Market range Not applicable (numerical parameter).
0
Numerical guard.
Value of the flags when false, and lower limit of the validity checks.
Market range Exact.
0
Unit conversion.
Unit value used in the CRF, the flags and the CAPEX basis switch.
Market range Exact.
1
Unit conversion.
Percent scale.
Market range Exact.
100
Unit conversion.
Turns a percent into a fraction.
Market range Exact.
0.01
Unit conversion.
Turns an hourly flow into a daily one (t/d).
Market range Exact.
24h/d
Unit conversion.
Converts m3/h into m3/min, the unit of compressor specific power.
Market range Exact.
60min/h
Unit conversion.
Converts kg into tonnes.
Market range Exact.
0.001t/kg
Unit conversion.
Converts per-kg energies into per-tonne energies.
Market range Exact.
1000kg/t
Unit conversion.
Converts kW into MW.
Market range Exact.
0.001MW/kW
Unit conversion.
Converts the minimum separation work from MJ/t into kWh/t.
Market range Exact.
3.6MJ/kWh
Unit conversion.
Expresses the nitrogen energy in GJ per t NH3, the unit used by the ammonia synthesis calculator #482.
Market range Exact.
0.0036GJ/kWh
Unit conversion.
Reference case 1: PSA generator at 99.999 % N2 (10 ppm O2), BERG NITROBERG 4000 with a KOMPBERG BSDF160 screw compressor.
Market range Not applicable.
1
Selector.
Reference case 2: cryogenic ASU at 119 kWh/t N2 (Nayak-Luke 2018, as used by Oxford 2015 and Cesaro 2021).
Market range Not applicable.
2
Selector.
Reference case 3: cryogenic ASU at 421 kWh/t N2 (Aneke and Wang 2015, as used by Jain 2022, 99.99 mol% N2).
Market range Not applicable.
3
Selector.
Converts the normal volume flow into a mass flow.
Market range Exact at normal conditions.
1.2504kg/Nm3
NIST WebBook
Converts tonnes of N2 into tonnes of ammonia they can make, at full nitrogen conversion.
Market range Stoichiometric, exact.
0.8224t/t
Oxford 2015, Eqn 4-12
Converts the minimum separation work from J/mol into J/g.
Market range Exact.
28.0134kg/kmol
IUPAC atomic weights
Sets the reversible minimum work to pull N2 out of air.
Market range Exact for dry air.
0.78084mol/mol
U.S. Standard Atmosphere 1976
Minimum separation work RT ln(1/x).
Market range Exact.
8.314463J/(mol K)
CODATA
Ambient temperature at which the minimum work of separation is evaluated.
Market range A 10 K change moves the minimum work by about 3 %.
298.15K
Convention
Normal m3 of compressed air per normal m3 of N2 at ammonia grade (10 ppm O2). Sets the PSA energy.
Market range Vendor-specific; other PSA makers print other factors.
6.4Nm3/Nm3
BERG datasheet
PSA energy at 99.99 % (100 ppm O2), shown to measure the cost of ammonia-grade purity.
Market range Vendor-specific.
4.6Nm3/Nm3
BERG datasheet
Basis of the purity load penalty and of the check against the published 0.31 kWh/Nm3 at 1 % O2.
Market range Vendor-specific.
2.6Nm3/Nm3
BERG datasheet
PSA energy at 97 % purity, the low end of the purity ladder.
Market range Vendor-specific.
2.3Nm3/Nm3
BERG datasheet
Converts normal m3 of air into m3 at compressor inlet conditions, the basis of the specific power.
Market range Exact for 20 C inlet.
1.073m3/Nm3
BERG datasheet
With the fan power and maximum FAD, gives the nameplate specific power of the reference compressor.
Market range Nameplate.
160kW
BERG product page
Added to the motor power for the nameplate specific power.
Market range Nameplate.
11kW
BERG product page
Maximum delivery of the reference compressor; it covers the 21.9 m3/min the NITROBERG 4000 needs at 99.999 %.
Market range Nameplate.
30m3/min
BERG product page
Reference size of the PSA cost anchor, and the size of one module in parallel.
Market range Vendor-specific.
191.7Nm3/h
BERG datasheet
Ex-works price of the PSA generator at the reference size.
Market range No independent range cited.
296500EUR
BERG price list 2026
Ex-works price of the feed-air compressor of the reference package.
Market range No independent range cited.
97440EUR
BERG price list 2026
Second size point used to derive the PSA scaling exponent.
Market range Vendor-specific.
7.4Nm3/h
BERG datasheet
Second price point used to derive the PSA scaling exponent.
Market range No independent range cited.
22500EUR
BERG price list 2026
Economy of scale of one PSA package up to the largest module (191.7 Nm3/h). Above it, modules are added in parallel and the CAPEX grows linearly with their count.
Market range 0.6 (six-tenths rule, Sousa 2022) to 0.79 (this fit).
0.79
Two-point fit on catalogue prices
Exponent of the PSA CAPEX variant and of the DLR cross-check.
Market range 0.6 to 0.79.
0.6
Sousa et al. 2022
Anchor of the DLR cross-check on the PSA CAPEX.
Market range No independent range cited.
27333EUR
Sousa et al. 2022
Reference size of the DLR cross-check.
Market range Not applicable.
12.5kg/h
Sousa et al. 2022
Upper end of documented PSA production; above it the calculator raises a flag.
Market range
89.94t/d
Oxford 2015 Table 2-5
Above it, a single-train PSA can no longer hold its purity: the flag says the plant would rely on many parallel PSA trains or move to cryogenic.
Market range
2000Nm3/h
Oxford 2015 §2.2.2.2
Upper end of the published PSA purity limit, quoted for context.
Market range
5000Nm3/h
Oxford 2015 §2.2.2.2
Independent check of the PSA energy model at 99 % purity.
Market range No independent range cited.
0.31kWh/Nm3
RSC 2024 (extract)
Low end of the published PSA energy range, placed on the energy ruler.
Market range
310kWh/t
F1000Research 2024
High end of the published PSA energy range, placed on the energy ruler.
Market range
630kWh/t
F1000Research 2024
Shows why the calculator costs gaseous nitrogen only: liquefaction would multiply the energy by about 6 to 20.
Market range Not used in the model.
2.56kWh/kg
F1000Research 2024
Below 7.5 t/d (about 250 Nm3/h) the cryogenic cases are refused: the scaling law is outside its documented domain.
Market range
7.5t/d
Oxford 2015 Table 2-5
Upper end of the cryogenic range; never reached in this calculator.
Market range
63000t/d
Oxford 2015 Table 2-5
Cost of a cryogenic ASU as a function of its N2 output.
Market range Linear 1,450 USD/(kg N2/h) (Ikäheimo 2018) as a cross-check.
1193000USD
Jain 2022 after Morgan 2013
Economy of scale of the cryogenic ASU.
Market range 0.49 (this law) against a linear cost (Ikäheimo 2018).
0.49
Jain 2022 after Morgan 2013
Linear cross-check of the cryogenic CAPEX.
Market range No independent range cited.
1450USD/(kg/h)
Cesaro 2021 Table A1
Electricity of the cryogenic ASU per tonne of gaseous N2 (case 2).
Market range
119kWh/t
Cesaro 2021 / Oxford 2015
Electricity of the cryogenic ASU per tonne of gaseous N2 (case 3).
Market range
421kWh/t
Jain 2022 after Aneke and Wang 2015
Converts the US$2018 cryogenic CAPEX into EUR of the same year. No escalation to 2026 is applied.
Market range Exact for 2018.
1.181USD/EUR
ECB reference rates
Yearly operation and maintenance cost as a share of CAPEX.
Market range No independent range cited.
5%
Jain 2022
Keeps the scaled CAPEX finite if the formula is pushed outside its domain.
Market range Not applicable.
200EUR/(Nm3/h)
Numerical guard
Keeps the scaled CAPEX finite if the formula is pushed outside its domain.
Market range Not applicable.
60000EUR/(Nm3/h)
Numerical guard
Default of the compressor specific power input.
Market range 5.7 (BSDF160 nameplate, derived) to 9.71 (BCAS, minimum speed).
7.2kW/(m3/min)
BCAS PVP sheet
Upper end of the compressor specific power slider.
Market range
9.71kW/(m3/min)
BCAS PVP sheet
Hours a year the nitrogen unit runs at its rated flow.
Market range No independent range cited.
8088h/year
Sousa et al. 2022
Discount rate of the capital recovery factor.
Market range No independent range cited.
7.5%
Cesaro 2021
Years over which the CAPEX is annualised.
Market range No independent range cited.
25years
Cesaro 2021
Orientation for the electricity price input.
Market range Global average.
33USD/MWh
IRENA 2024
Orientation for the electricity price input.
Market range Global average.
44USD/MWh
IRENA 2024
Low end of the documented PSA range, for context.
Market range
1.5t/d
Oxford 2015 Table 2-5
Scope: gaseous nitrogen at ammonia-synthesis quality from ambient air, at the outlet of the PSA or of the ASU cold box, before any product compression to synthesis pressure. PSA delivers 99.999 % N2 (10 ppm O2) directly; the cheaper route of a 99.9 % PSA followed by a deoxo bed (which burns 2 H2 per O2) is not modelled. Liquid nitrogen is out of scope.
Market range Not applicable.
—
Model scope.
Double count: #232 already includes the ASU as 30 % of its synthesis-island CAPEX and a nitrogen price. Chained with #232, remove its ASU share or do not use its n2_price_eur_per_t on top of this calculator. #482 books a flat PSA energy in GJ/t NH3: keep either that energy or this one, not both.
Market range Not applicable.
—
Chaining rule.
The PSA CAPEX is an ex-works equipment price (generator + feed-air compressor, no dryer or receiver priced separately, no installation). The cryogenic CAPEX is taken at the same equipment level because its source does not state an installed boundary. Both are exported with battery_limit exfactory: project mode adds its full installation, indirect and contingency layers.
Market range Not applicable.
—
CAPEX boundary.

Nitrogen supply for ammonia: PSA or cryogenic ASU

Mass and energy balance

CAPEX

Included

Not included

Added at project level

Project figures

Cost of nitrogen

Benchmarks

Specific energy of nitrogen, kWh/t

PSA energy at 99 %, kWh/Nm3

All results

Cost of nitrogen

Flows

Energy

PSA detail

PSA or cryogenic

CAPEX

Annual costs

Sensitivities

Sources

About

Model

User inputs · 9

Constants · 53

Intermediate calcs · 3

Exposed outputs · 61

Assumptions